Obesity is a medical condition that occurs when there is an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat in the body, which can pose a risk to health. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines obesity as an adult having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher. For children under five, obesity is defined as a weight-for-height measurement that is more than three standard deviations above the WHO Child Growth Standards median. 

Obesity can be caused by a number of factors, including:

• Eating patterns
• Lack of sleep or physical activity
• Certain medications
• Genetics and family history
• Unhealthy lifestyle habits, such as eating high-calorie, low-nutrient foods and beverages 

Obesity can lead to many other health problems, including:

Heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, Cancer, Stroke, Arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Sexual dysfunction, Skin diseases, Sleep apnea, and High blood pressure